435 and 456, rue Saint-Louis

On St-Louis Street, nestled among newer structures, stand two remarkable examples of residential architecture from nearly two centuries ago, offering a glimpse into Montreal’s early urban fabric. The first, the Maison Joseph-Brossard, built in 1828, features typical characteristics of early 19th-century Quebec vernacular architecture. It has a simple, rectangular shape with a pitched roof and modest decorative elements, reflecting the practical and restrained style of the period. The enclosed religious statue above the front door—a niche holding a saint figure—is a striking element that highlights the strong Catholic heritage. The house sits directly on the sidewalk at 456 St-Louis Street, maintaining its historical presence amid the changing streetscape.

A short distance away, the Maison Brossard-Gauvin presents a striking contrast with its distinctive pink facade and steeply pitched gabled roof, characteristic of French colonial architecture. Built between 1743 and 1758, this house is constructed of wood—making it a rare surviving example of wooden residential construction from that period in Montreal. Following several devastating fires, regulations required houses within the fortified walls to be built of stone, which was costly. However, this rule did not apply to homes outside the walls, such as those on this street, allowing wooden structures like the Maison Brossard-Gauvin to be built. Its thick wooden walls, small symmetrically placed windows, and sturdy frame reflect the practical needs of settlers facing harsh winters. Located at 435 rue Saint-Louis, adjacent to François-Dollier-de-Casson Park, it is one of the oldest wooden houses still standing in Montreal.

Both houses offer valuable insight into the social and urban development of early Montreal, showcasing how religious influence, architectural styles, and economic factors shaped residential buildings. The Maison Brossard-Gauvin, in particular, is a tangible reminder of the city’s expansion and the evolution of its historic neighborhoods, preserving the architectural heritage of French colonial and early Quebec styles.

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